Fbederik heyman



Patented July 21,

INVENTCR.

P. HEYMAN.

INTO SIPHONS, 6w.

METHOD OF PREVENTING FROTHING WHEN BEER IS BEING FILLED (Nb MBdeLf L In a \Ww A TORNEYS.

' N. PETERS, Phom-Limn n hur, Wa hingmn. D. C.

UNITED S ATES PATENT Fries...

FREDERIK HEYMAN, OF COPENHAGEN, DENMARK.

METHOD OF PREVENTING FROTHING WHEN BEER IS BEING FILLED INTO SIPHONS, &c.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 322,720, dated July 21, 1885.

(No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, FREDERIK HEYMAN, a subject of the King. of Denmark, residing at Copenhagen, Denmark, have invented a certain new and useful Method of Filling Fermented Liquors in siphons, and I do declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, which form a part of this specification, and in which Figure 1 is a partly sectional view of my improved apparatus for filling fermented liquors in siphons. Fig. 2 is a partly sectional view of a slight modification of the same. Fig. 3 is a vertical sectional view of the tank or receiver for the liquor, the charging-pipe, the barrel,or similar original package for the liqnor, and the connecting-pipe; and Figs. 4 and .5 are, respectively, a vertical and a horizontal sectional view of the cock which is inserted into the siphons.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the figures.

My invention has relation to an apparatus for filling fermented liquors in siphons, and it consists in the improved method of filling such liquors in siphons, as hereinafter more fully described and claimed.

In filling fermented liquors into siphons a drawback has been experienced namely, that theliquor absorbs the carbonic-acid gas necessary for producing a sufficient pressure to force the liquor out of the siphon, and consequently has been discharged in the shape of foam, which is very slow to settle, and the only way to avoid the creation of this foam has been to fill a comparatively small quantity of liquor in the siphon, so as to leave space for the gas, and this has rendered it rather unprofitable and impracticable to fill such liquors in siphons, the bulk of the containing-"essels being so much in excess of the liquor contained within them as to make them too bulky forcommon trade. To avoid this drawback, I have invented and practically tested the following method and accompanying apparatus for carrying out the said method, which, in

brief, consists in first producing nearly a vacuum in the siphon, thereupon filling the same with liquor containing only sufficient carbonicacid gas to cause the liquor to foam in the desired manner to make it palatable, and thereupon introducing an air, which I will term neutral air, under sufficient pressure to force the liquor out of the si hon. This air must be of such a character that it is not absorbed in the liquor, or, at any rate, only absorbed in small quantities, so that itwill not create foam; and, although I prefer to use pure nitrogen, atmospheric air may be used after it has passed either through red-hot pipes or through cotton-packing or similar mate rial for the purpose of destroying the yeastgerms or germs of fermentation contained in all atmospheric air, and which would produce a second fermentation, or the so-called acid fermentation, in the liquor,spoiling the same.

In the drawings, the letter A indicates the reservoir containing the liquor to be filled in the siplions. B indicates a tank in which a vacuum is kept up by means of an air-pump, O. D isv the tank for containing the liquor charged with the desired quantity of carbonicacid gas, and E is the tank for containing the neutral air.

The tank D is connected with the reservoir A by means of a pipe, F, which enters the bottom of the tank, and the reservoir is preferably placed above the tank, as shown in Fig. 3, so as to force the liquor into the tank by gravity.

The carbonic-acid gas is pumped into the tank through a pipe, G, entering the tank at the bottom, and having a number of perforations for the escape of the gas through the liquor into the tank, a pump, H, serving to force the gas into the tank, and a pipe, I, extends fromasafety-valve, J, at the top of the tank to the pipe K, which carries the gas to the pump, so that all gas which is forced into the tank at apressure higher than that desired for the tank will escape through said safetyvalve and pass back into the pipe which carries the gas from its reservoir to the pump.

The tank E, which contains the neutral air, receives the air from a suitable reservoir or generator through a pipe, L, by a pump, M, and has a safety-valve, N, at its top, similar in construction to the valve on the tank D, which valve opens into the pipe 0, passing back to pipe L at the other side of the pump.

The three tanks B, D, and E have pipes P opening into a three-way cock, Q, the plug R of which has a rectangularly-bent channel or bore, S, the lower arm of which bore opens through the lower end of the plug, while the bent arm of the bore registers with'three apertures or ports, T, into which the pipes P open, the three ports being at right angles to each other, so that two ports vare closed when one is open, or all three ports may be closed by turning the bent arm of the bore toward the'closed side of the casing of the cock. As near to a vacuum as is desired to be obtained in the siphons before filling is kept up in the vacum-tank B by means of the air-pump, and the liquor is kept in its proper tank under the pressure of carbonic-acidgas which it is desired to have, and the neutral air is likewise kept at its desired pressure, which is greater than the pressure of the carbonic-acid gas; and it will now be seen that by placing the siphon under the cock Q, and turning the plug of the same-so that the bore will register with the vacuum-pipe, the air will be rarefied in the siphon to the same rarity, which is kept up in the vacuum -tank, whereupon the plug of the cock is turned so as to make the bore register with the liquor-pipe,which will allow the liquor to pass into the siphon under its desired pressure of carbonic-acid gas; and at last theplug is turned so as to bring the bore to register with the pipe carrying the neutral air, which will be forced into the siphon and create the pressure sufficient for draining the same, while it will not be absorbed in the liquor and thus create foam in drawing the liquor from the siphon. In filling siphons by this method, however, the liquor as it passes from the liquor-tank into the siphon is apt to be formed into foam as it passes from the tank under pressure into the vacuum in the siphon, and this foaming of the liquor necessitates the standing of the siphons for some time before they can be sufficiently filled, which of course retards the process of filling,and for the purpose of avoiding this stoppage in filling the siphon I use a somewhat more complicated apparatus and slightly modified method, which I will now proceed to dc scribe.

The apparatus consists of the same three tanks, B, D, and E, as in the former apparatus, and of an additional tank, U, into the bottom of which the pipe P, which in the former apparatus enters tank D, passes,while it is connected to tank D by means of a pipe, V, having a valve, W, opening toward tank D, and capable of being adjusted to open at the pressure desired to be retained in the tank U. Three pipes, X, Y, and Z,pass from the bottom of the tank E, containing the neutral air from the tank D, which contains the liqqor charged with the carbonic-acid gas, and from the tank U to a pump, A, the pipes X and Z, respectively passing from the neutral-air tank and from the charged liquor-tank, discharging into the pump, while the pipe Y receives the fluid from the pump and passes it into the tank U.

The liquor is charged in the tank D in the same manner as in the former apparatus, and the vacuum-tank and neutral-air tank are operated likewise in the same manner; but in place of filling the liquor directly from the tank D into the siphon the pump A is used to pump the liquor into the tank U. The said pump at the same time is also used for pumping neutral air from the neutral-air tank into the tank U, which thus receives a charge of liquor charged with carbonic-acid gas and of neutral air, the liquor forced into the tank at a pressure above the pressure desired passing back into the liquor-tank through the pipeV and valve NV.

The siphon is placed under the cock to be filled, when a vacuum is created within it by connecting it with the vacuum-tank. Neutral air is now admitted into the siphon at a sufficient pressure to produce the desired pressure in the siphon when the latter is filled, whereupon the liquor is at last admitted into the siphon from tank U, the press.

ure in which is sufficient to overcome the existing pressure in the siphon until the siphon has been filled to its desired capacity, when the pressure within the siphon and in the tank will equal each other, and consequently stop further filling. By thus filling the charged liquor into the siphon against a slightly smaller pressure the liquor will not foam, and con sequently the siphons may be filled quicker and more satisfactorily than by the former apparatus, the operation of which is somewhat simpler, as is also its construct-ion, than the last-described apparatus.

Both forms of the apparatus have been made the subject of a separate application for Letters Patent, Serial No. 152,261, filed J anuary 8, 1885.

Having thus described my invention, what I desire to claim in this present application, and to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is-

1. The improved method of filling fermented liquors into siphons, consisting in admitting into the siphon, together with the liquor charged with its desired quantity of carbonic acid gas, an air, which will not be absorbed by the liquor, under a sufficient pressure to force all the contents out of the siphon, as andfor the purpose shown and set forth.

2. The improved method of filling'fermented liquors into siphons, consisting in first producing a vacuum in the siphon, there:

upon forcing an air, which will not be ab- In testimony whereof I have hereto affixed sorbed by the liquor, into the siphon under my signature in presence of two witnesses. slight pressure, and thereupon forcing the liquor charged with carbonic-acid gas into FREDERIK HEYMAN. 5 the siphon under pressure of the aforesaid air sufficient to force all of the contents out of WVitnesses: the siphon, as and for the purpose shown and FREDERIK VVOLFF, set forth. CARL STENDER. 

